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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">uzria</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Ученые записки Российской академии предпринимательства</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Scientific notes of the Russian academy of entrepreneurship</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2073-6258</issn><publisher><publisher-name>JSC “Publishing Agency “Science and Education”</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24182/2073-6258-2022-21-1-9-26</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">uzria-719</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ РОСТ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECONOMIC GROWTH: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экономика Кувейта: возможность, потенциал, восстановление (ожидание vs реальность)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Kuwait Economy: Opportunity, Potential, Recovery (Expectation vs Reality)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабенкова</surname><given-names>C. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Babenkova</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат экономических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Senior scientific officer</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sbabenkova@ivran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт востоковедения РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>9</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бабенкова C.Ю., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бабенкова C.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Babenkova S.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.scinotes.ru/jour/article/view/719">https://www.scinotes.ru/jour/article/view/719</self-uri><abstract><p>Кувейт является достаточно богатой страной, граждане которой имеют очень высокий доход на душу населения. После небольшого восстановления в 2018 г. экономический рост Кувейта замедлился до 0,4% в 2019 г., поскольку произошло снижение добычи нефти и как следствие — падение мировых цен на углеводороды. В 2020 г. экономический рост страны падает до отметки (–8,1%), при этом аналитики МВФ прогнозируют восстановление роста до 0,7% в 2021 г. и до 3,2% в 2022 г.Годы низких цен на нефть вынудили правительство Кувейта практически израсходовать свои денежные резервы, в то время как назревающее политическое противостояние помешало ему брать кредиты на международных рынках. Кувейт обеспечивает комфортное существование для 90% местных граждан, получающих государственную заработную плату, наряду с щедрыми льготами и субсидиями, от дешевого электричества и бензина до бесплатного здравоохранения и образования. Однако пандемия COVID–19, падение цен на нефть и кризис ликвидности впервые заставили правительство серьезно говорить о кризисе в стране. Так, Министр финансов Кувейта сообщил, что вскоре правительство не сможет выплачивать зарплату, а Центральны банк Кувейта в своих докладах обозначил, что дефицит бюджета страны может достичь 40% ВВП, что является самым высоким показателем со времен финансовых потерь в результате вторжения Ирака в 1990 г. и последующей войны в Персидском заливе.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Kuwait is a fairly rich country in which citizens have a very high per capita income. After a modest recovery in 2018, Kuwait’s economic growth slowed to 0,4% in 2019 as oil production declined and global hydrocarbon prices fell as a result. In 2020, the country’s economic growth falls to the mark (–8,1%), while IMF analysts predict a recovery in growth to 0.7% in 2021 and to 3,2% in 2022.Years of low oil prices have forced the government of Kuwait to almost use up its cash reserves, while the brewing political standoff has prevented it from borrowing on international markets. Kuwait provides a comfortable existence for 90% of local citizens who receive government wages, along with generous benefits and subsidies, from cheap electricity and gasoline to free health care and education. However, the COVID–19 pandemic, falling oil prices and a liquidity crisis forced the government to speak seriously about the crisis in the country for the first time. Thus, the Minister of Finance of Kuwait announced that soon the government would not be able to pay salaries, and the Central Bank of Kuwait in its reports indicated that the country’s budget deficit could reach 40% of GDP, which is the highest since financial losses as a result of Iraq’s invasion in 1990 and the subsequent Gulf War.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Кувейт</kwd><kwd>экономика</kwd><kwd>финансовый сектор</kwd><kwd>исламский банкинг</kwd><kwd>экзогенный кризис</kwd><kwd>теневая экономика</kwd><kwd>политический кризис</kwd><kwd>страны БВСА</kwd><kwd>страны Персидского залива</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Kuwait</kwd><kwd>economy</kwd><kwd>financial sector</kwd><kwd>Islamic banking</kwd><kwd>exogenous crisis</kwd><kwd>shadow economy</kwd><kwd>political crisis</kwd><kwd>MENA countries</kwd><kwd>Persian Gulf countries</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">KUWAIT. 2020 ARTICLE IV CONSULTATION – PRESS RELEASE; STAFF REPORT; AND STAFF SUPPLEMENT [Электронный ресурс] – IMF – IMF Country Report No. 20/89 – March 2020 – Режим доступа: https://www.imf.org/~/media/Files/Publications/CR/2020/English/1KWTEA2020001.ashx, свободный – Загл. с экрана. – Яз. англ.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">KUWAIT. 2020 ARTICLE IV CONSULTATION – PRESS RELEASE; STAFF REPORT; AND STAFF SUPPLEMENT [Elektronnyj resurs] – IMF – IMF Country Report No. 20/89 – March 2020 – Rezhim dostupa: https://www.imf.org/~/media/Files/Publications/CR/2020/English/1KWTEA2020001.ashx,svobodnyj – Zagl. s ekrana. – Yaz. angl.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weekly Economic and Markets Review. 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